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Related Experiment Video

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Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
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Physiological responses during intermittent running exercise differ between outdoor and treadmill running.

Marco Panascì1, Romuald Lepers2, Antonio La Torre3

  • 1a School of Sport Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquee, Nutrition Et Metabolisme
|May 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary

High-intensity intermittent running on a treadmill underestimates physiological responses compared to outdoor running. Increasing treadmill speed by 15% matches outdoor training effects, optimizing high-intensity interval training.

Keywords:
athletic trackconsommation maximale d’oxygèneentraînement par intervallesinterval trainingmotorized treadmilloxygen uptakepiste d’athlétismetapis roulant

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • High-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) is effective for improving aerobic fitness.
  • Outdoor running and treadmill running elicit different physiological responses.
  • Maximal aerobic velocity (MAV) is a key determinant of exercise intensity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare physiological responses during 30-second high-intensity running intervals with 30-second passive recovery (30-30) performed outdoors versus on a treadmill.
  • To determine if increasing treadmill intensity can replicate outdoor training effects.
  • To investigate the impact of treadmill vs. outdoor running on oxygen uptake (V̇O2), time above 90% maximal oxygen uptake (t90%V̇O2max), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE).

Main Methods:

  • Fifteen physically active males completed the Fitness Intermittent Test 45-15 to establish maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and MAV.
  • Participants performed three 15-minute training sessions in random order: 30-30 Track (outdoor), 30-30 Treadmill (at MAV), and 30-30 +15% MAV Treadmill.
  • V̇O2, t90%V̇O2max, and RPE were measured during each session.

Main Results:

  • The 30-30 Treadmill session significantly underestimated V̇O2 (-6.3%), t90%V̇O2max (-77.8%), and RPE (-31%) compared to the 30-30 Track session.
  • No significant differences in physiological responses were observed between the 30-30 +15% MAV Treadmill session and the 30-30 Track session.
  • This suggests that a 15% increase in treadmill running velocity is necessary to match outdoor training intensity.

Conclusions:

  • Standard treadmill running at MAV during 30-30 intervals does not replicate the physiological demands of outdoor running.
  • Increasing treadmill running velocity by 15% (MAV +15%) effectively matches the physiological responses of outdoor high-intensity intermittent training.
  • This finding provides a practical guideline for optimizing treadmill-based HIIT protocols to achieve similar training adaptations as outdoor running.