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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
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Gestational weight gain.

Michelle A Kominiarek1, Alan M Peaceman1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|May 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Monitoring maternal weight gain during pregnancy is crucial. While interventions can help reduce excessive gestational weight gain, they haven't significantly improved other maternal and infant outcomes, especially for overweight or obese women.

Keywords:
gestational weight gainhealth behavior interventionsmotivational interviewingperinatal outcomespregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • Nearly 50% of women exceed recommended gestational weight gain goals, with overweight and obese women most affected.
  • Both inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain pose risks to maternal and infant health, including low birthweight, cesarean delivery, and childhood obesity.
  • Pregnancy presents an optimal window for intervening in maternal health behaviors like diet and physical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of monitoring gestational weight gain.
  • To assess the effectiveness of interventions aimed at modifying health behaviors to manage gestational weight gain.
  • To evaluate the impact of these interventions on broader maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current guidelines for monitoring gestational weight gain in prenatal care.
  • Analysis of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials evaluating diet and exercise interventions during pregnancy.
  • Examination of outcomes beyond weight gain, including maternal and neonatal complications.

Main Results:

  • Diet or exercise interventions during pregnancy can effectively reduce excessive gestational weight gain.
  • These interventions have not demonstrated significant improvements in other adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
  • Effectiveness of health behavior interventions is limited in overweight and obese pregnant populations.

Conclusions:

  • Gestational weight gain is a modifiable risk factor, and monitoring is essential.
  • While interventions can control weight gain, their impact on overall maternal-child health requires further investigation.
  • Targeted strategies may be needed for overweight and obese women to improve intervention efficacy.