Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plasmids01:28

Plasmids

3.4K
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A new perspective on cancer treatment: the interaction and application prospect between ICIs and radiotherapy.

Precision radiation oncology·2026
Same author

Eculizumab in Myasthenia Gravis: A Multicenter Retrospective Real-World Study in China.

Neurology and therapy·2026
Same author

Toward Nano-Nutritional Medicine: A Remotely Activated Trans-Vaccenic Acid-Based Lipid Nanoparticles for Enhancing Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

HOXD11-NMDAR signaling drives neuroendocrine prostate cancer and enables potential therapeutic intervention as a target of memantine.

Cell reports·2026
Same author

Oligodendrocyte lineage cell-specific GPR17/Gelsolin signaling regulates remyelination and cognitive recovery after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Experimental neurology·2026
Same author

ASO therapy rescues NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion-induced genomic damage, 3D chromatin structural abnormalities, and senescence.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Use of In Vivo Assembly for High-efficiency Plasmid Construction
06:25

Use of In Vivo Assembly for High-efficiency Plasmid Construction

Published on: February 7, 2025

1.6K

The pPSU Plasmids for Generating DNA Molecular Weight Markers.

Ryan C Henrici1,2,3, Turner J Pecen1,2, James L Johnston1,2

  • 1Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.

Scientific Reports
|May 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed pPSU1 and pPSU2 plasmids for creating DNA ladders. These plasmids offer cost-effective, high-quality molecular weight standards for gel electrophoresis in molecular biology research.

More Related Videos

A Simple, Rapid, and Quantitative Assay to Measure Repair of DNA-protein Crosslinks on Plasmids Transfected into Mammalian Cells
11:58

A Simple, Rapid, and Quantitative Assay to Measure Repair of DNA-protein Crosslinks on Plasmids Transfected into Mammalian Cells

Published on: March 5, 2018

8.7K
Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers
10:41

Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers

Published on: June 24, 2019

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Use of In Vivo Assembly for High-efficiency Plasmid Construction
06:25

Use of In Vivo Assembly for High-efficiency Plasmid Construction

Published on: February 7, 2025

1.6K
A Simple, Rapid, and Quantitative Assay to Measure Repair of DNA-protein Crosslinks on Plasmids Transfected into Mammalian Cells
11:58

A Simple, Rapid, and Quantitative Assay to Measure Repair of DNA-protein Crosslinks on Plasmids Transfected into Mammalian Cells

Published on: March 5, 2018

8.7K
Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers
10:41

Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers

Published on: June 24, 2019

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Gel electrophoresis is a fundamental technique for visualizing nucleic acids and estimating DNA fragment sizes.
  • Molecular weight markers, or DNA ladders, are essential tools for accurate size determination in gel electrophoresis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, cost-effective DNA molecular weight marker plasmids.
  • To create a versatile DNA ladder system suitable for various gel electrophoresis applications.

Main Methods:

  • Construction and characterization of pPSU1 and pPSU2 plasmids.
  • Digestion of plasmids with common restriction enzymes to generate DNA ladders.
  • Optimization of DNA ladder fragment migration on agarose and polyacrylamide gels.

Main Results:

  • The pPSU1 and pPSU2 plasmids yield 100 bp and 1 kb DNA ladders upon digestion.
  • Optimized 100 bp ladder fragments exhibit appropriate migration on both agarose and native polyacrylamide gels.
  • Sufficient plasmid DNA from E. coli cultures supports approximately 1000 gels per plasmid.
  • The generated ladders provide reference fragments ranging from 50 bp to 10,000 bp.

Conclusions:

  • The pPSU1 and pPSU2 plasmids offer a low-cost, high-quality alternative to commercial DNA ladders.
  • These plasmids provide freely available molecular weight standards for nonprofit academic users without licensing restrictions.
  • The developed system enhances accessibility to essential molecular biology tools.