[SENTINEL LYMPH NODES DISSECTION IN GYNECOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Surgical Oncology
• Gynecologic Oncology

Background:

• Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a standard oncologic procedure for staging various cancers.
• SLNB minimizes side effects associated with complete lymph node dissection.
• Its application has expanded to gynecologic malignancies, including vulvar, cervical, and endometrial cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current literature on sentinel lymph node biopsy in gynecologic malignancies.
• To discuss the feasibility, liability, and controversies surrounding SLNB in this patient population.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current studies on SLNB in gynecologic cancers.
• Analysis of detection methods, injection sites, and oncologic safety.

Main Results:

• SLNB in vulvar cancer demonstrates comparable survival and recurrence rates to full groin dissection with fewer complications.
• Preliminary data suggest feasibility and liability of SLNB in cervical and endometrial cancers.
• Ongoing controversies exist regarding optimal detection techniques and oncologic safety.

Conclusions:

• Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a viable and beneficial alternative to complete lymphadenectomy in select gynecologic cancers.
• Further research is needed to address current controversies and optimize SLNB protocols for gynecologic malignancies.
• SLNB offers a promising approach to reduce morbidity while maintaining oncologic control in gynecologic cancer treatment.