[TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA]

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in people under 65 years of age. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common cause of moderate visual impairment in individuals with DR. Until recently, focal or grid laser photocoagulation has been the standard of care for DME. Laser photocoagulation has been shown to stabilize vision and prevent moderate vision loss. Recent studies on the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) substances in DME, showed resolution of the edema and visual acuity gain. Thus, anti-VEGF therapy has become the first line of treatment for DME. Intravitreal steroids, also play a role in the management of DME, particularly in refractory cases, due to their antiinflammatory effect. This review focuses on the emerging treatment options in the management of DME.