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Transvaginal Mesh Insertion in the Ovine Model
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The Omo-Kibish I pelvis.

Ashley S Hammond1, Danielle F Royer2, John G Fleagle3

  • 1Center for Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.

Journal of Human Evolution
|May 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The Omo I hipbone, the oldest anatomically modern human fossil, exhibits modern pelvic features. This suggests early Homo sapiens possessed distinct pelvic morphology, offering insights into human evolution and paleobiology.

Keywords:
Early modern humansEthiopiaFossil Homo sapiensOs coxaePelvic evolution

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Area of Science:

  • Paleoanthropology
  • Human Evolution
  • Skeletal Biology

Background:

  • Omo-Kibish I (Omo I) represents the oldest known anatomically modern Homo sapiens skeleton (196 ± 5 ka).
  • The recent recovery of a partial Omo I hipbone (os coxae) is significant for understanding early human morphology and paleobiology.
  • Modern human pelves differ from earlier Homo species in features like bispinous breadth, iliac orientation, and pubic morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formally describe the preservation and morphology of the Omo I hipbone.
  • To compare the Omo I pelvis quantitatively and qualitatively with recent human and fossil Homo pelves.
  • To ascertain if the earliest modern humans possessed pelvic morphology characteristic of contemporary humans.

Main Methods:

  • Formal description of the Omo I hipbone's preservation and morphology.
  • Quantitative and qualitative comparative analysis against recent human and fossil Homo pelves.
  • Stature estimation using multiple skeletal elements (upper and lower body).

Main Results:

  • The Omo I hipbone displays modern human characteristics, including a moderate iliac tubercle and less laterally flaring ilium compared to earlier Homo.
  • The Omo I ischium shape is similar to, but larger than, that of recent Sudanese individuals.
  • Features suggest Omo I was female; stature estimates indicate potential differences in limb proportions in early modern humans.

Conclusions:

  • The Omo I hipbone morphology is consistent with that of modern humans.
  • The findings support the hypothesis that early Homo sapiens had distinct pelvic structures.
  • The large size and robusticity of the Omo I pelvis align with evidence for a later reduction in postcranial robusticity during human evolution.