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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Stem Cell Niche01:26

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: The 3D Culturing of Organoids from Murine Intestinal Crypts and a Single Stem Cell for Organoid Research
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[Stem Cell System. The intestinal stem cell system.]

Fumiaki Ishibashi1, Ryuichi Okamoto2, Mamoru Watanabe1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.

Clinical Calcium
|May 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) in the gut lining differentiate unidirectionally. Three-dimensional culture systems have advanced the study of ISC proliferation, differentiation, and their environmental support systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The intestinal epithelium contains stem cells crucial for tissue renewal.
  • Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) exhibit unidirectional differentiation into secretory or absorptive lineages.
  • ISC maintenance relies on signals from the surrounding niche and possesses compensatory mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the functional analysis of intestinal stem cells (ISCs).
  • To understand the role of the three-dimensional (3D) culture system in ISC research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture systems.
  • Analyzed the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs).

Main Results:

  • Three-dimensional culture systems have facilitated the study of ISCs.
  • Elucidated factors essential for ISC proliferation and differentiation.
  • Investigated backup systems for ISC pool maintenance.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced in vitro models, such as 3D cultures, are vital for studying intestinal stem cell (ISC) biology.
  • Understanding ISC regulation is key to intestinal homeostasis and disease research.