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An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
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Drilling resistance: A method to investigate bone quality.

Waqas A Lughmani1, Farukh Farukh2, Kaddour Bouazza-Marouf1

  • 1Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
|May 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Drilling force data recorded during orthopedic surgery can indicate bone quality. Correlating drilling force with screw pull-out strength provides a realistic estimation of bone quality for improved fracture repair.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Bone drilling is crucial for internal fracture fixation.
  • Current manual drilling lacks real-time data on drilling force, torque, penetration rate, and rotational speed.
  • This data gap limits surgeons' ability to assess bone quality during procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of in-vivo bone drilling force data for assessing bone quality.
  • To investigate the variability and anisotropic behavior of cortical bone.
  • To correlate drilling parameters with bone quality indicators.

Main Methods:

  • In-vivo recording of bone drilling force during fracture repair.
  • Analysis of cortical bone specimens from pig and bovine femurs at consistent drilling speed and feed rate.
  • Correlation of maximum drilling force with normalized screw pull-out strength.

Main Results:

  • Drilling force exhibits significant variation within and between animal bones due to microstructural differences.
  • Maximum drilling force strongly correlates with normalized screw pull-out strength (r²=0.93 for pig, r²=0.88 for bovine).
  • This correlation allows for a realistic estimation of bone quality.

Conclusions:

  • In-vivo drilling data can serve as an indicator of bone quality during orthopaedic surgery.
  • The findings support the integration of real-time drilling data into surgical practice.
  • This can lead to more informed decisions regarding fracture fixation and implant stability.