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Developing a Behavioral Box for Assessing Prepulse Inhibition and Neural Activity in Psychiatric Animal Models

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A Primer on Foraging and the Explore/Exploit Trade-Off for Psychiatry Research.

M A Addicott¹, J M Pearson², M M Sweitzer¹

¹Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

|May 30, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Animals share foraging mechanisms, including the explore/exploit trade-off. This concept offers a novel framework for understanding motivation and risk-taking in psychiatric disorders.

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Area of Science:

Behavioral Ecology
Computational Neuroscience
Psychiatry

Background:

Foraging is a fundamental behavior across many animal species.
The explore/exploit trade-off, balancing known rewards with unknown opportunities, is a key foraging problem.
This trade-off is well-studied in ecology and neuroscience but is an emerging area in psychiatry.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce explore/exploit paradigms to psychiatric research.
Provide a novel framework for studying motivation, valuation, and effort-related processes in mental disorders.
Connect risk-taking and impulsivity in psychiatric disorders to ecological foraging theory.

Main Methods:

Review common laboratory paradigms for measuring explore/exploit decisions.
Summarize clinically relevant research on the neurobiology of explore/exploit decision-making.
Discuss the application of foraging theory to computational psychiatry.

Main Results:

Explore/exploit paradigms offer new insights into disrupted processes in mental disorders.
The explore/exploit framework can elucidate risk-taking and impulsivity within an ecological context.
Foraging theory provides valuable tools for computational psychiatry.

Conclusions:

The explore/exploit trade-off is a fundamental mechanism with significant implications for psychiatric research.
Computational psychiatry can benefit from integrating foraging theory to understand complex behaviors.
This interdisciplinary approach enhances the study of motivation, risk, and decision-making in mental health.