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Do Pediatric Patients Have a Right to Know?

Philip M Rosoff1

  • 1Professor of pediatrics (oncology) and medicine at Duke University Medical Center and Duke University School of Medicine in Durham, North Carolina, and a member scholar in the Trent Center for Bioethics, Humanities & History of Medicine and chair of Duke Hospital's ethics committee.

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In Western medicine, informed consent is crucial. This paper examines whether older minors have a right to know medical information, even if parents object.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Pediatric Healthcare
  • Informed Consent

Background:

  • Respecting patient autonomy in Western medicine requires providing sufficient information for rational decision-making.
  • Patients lacking cognitive capacity, including minors, have variable participation in medical decisions.
  • Minors' capacity to understand medical information generally increases with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the ethical considerations of informed consent in pediatric care.
  • To examine the conflict between parental wishes and a minor's right to information.
  • To determine if older minors possess a right to know that overrides parental objections.

Main Methods:

  • Ethical analysis of a clinical case involving parental withholding of information from a minor.
  • Review of legal and ethical principles governing minors' assent and consent to medical treatment.
  • Discussion of the evolving capacity of minors to understand medical information.

Main Results:

  • The case highlights a conflict between parental authority and the minor's potential right to information.
  • Physicians face challenges in balancing parental desires with the minor's best interests and autonomy.
  • The capacity of older minors to process medical information suggests a potential right to know.

Conclusions:

  • Minors' right to information may supersede parental wishes, particularly in older children with developing cognitive abilities.
  • Ethical frameworks must adapt to acknowledge the increasing autonomy of adolescent patients.
  • Further consideration is needed regarding the legal and ethical boundaries of parental consent and minor assent.