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SOHO comets: 20 years and 3000 objects later.

Karl Battams1, Matthew M Knight2

  • 1US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA karl.battams@nrl.navy.mil.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Over 3000 near-Sun comets were discovered by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). Analysis reveals the Kreutz sungrazers discovery rate is static, and the first Meyer group fragmentation pair was observed.

Keywords:
Kreutzfragmentationsungrazers

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Area of Science:

  • Solar physics
  • Cometary science
  • Astronomy

Background:

  • The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) has been operational since December 1995.
  • Coronagraph images provide unique data for observing near-Sun objects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize discoveries of over 3000 sungrazing and near-Sun comets observed by SOHO.
  • To analyze the four main comet populations: Kreutz, Meyer, Marsden/Kracht, and non-group comets.
  • To update the scientific community on SOHO's cometary discoveries.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of coronagraph images from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO).
  • Categorization of comets into four main populations.
  • Examination of discovery statistics, basic properties, and morphological appearance for each group.

Main Results:

  • Over 3000 sungrazing and near-Sun comets have been identified by SOHO.
  • The discovery rate for Kreutz sungrazers has remained static since approximately 2003.
  • The first likely fragmentation pair within the Meyer group has been observed.

Conclusions:

  • SOHO has significantly advanced the study of sungrazing and near-Sun comets.
  • The static discovery rate of Kreutz comets suggests a stable population or observational limits.
  • The observation of Meyer group fragmentation provides new insights into cometary dynamics.