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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.0K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
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What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

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Overview
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity
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Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity

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Autoimmunity in 2016.

Carlo Selmi1,2

  • 1Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Research Hospital, via A. Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. carlo.selmi@unimi.it.

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|May 31, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmunity research saw stable publication numbers but rising quality in 2016. Key advances were made in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, neuroimmunology, and vasculitis, promising future clinical impacts.

Keywords:
ANCA-associated vasculitisChronic inflammationEpigeneticsGeneticsGiant cell arteritisILCImmunogeneticsMicrobiomeMultiple sclerosisPsoriatic arthritisRheumatoid arthritisSpondyloarthritisSystemic lupus erythematosusTh17Tolerance breakdown

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • The field of autoimmunity research experienced stable publication rates in 2016.
  • A notable increase in publication quality and accessibility through specialized journals was observed.
  • Significant advancements were reported across several autoimmune conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review major discoveries and trends in autoimmunity research published in 2016.
  • To highlight key findings in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, neuroimmunology, and vasculitis.
  • To underscore the potential impact of these findings on laboratory scientists and clinicians.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of peer-reviewed articles published in 2016 using the keyword "autoimmunity".
  • Focus on key findings in specific autoimmune diseases.
  • Identification of emerging research areas and potential therapeutic targets.

Main Results:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) research highlighted the role of IL17-related genes, long noncoding RNAs, and anti-pentraxin 3 (PTX3) therapy.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) studies indicated the involvement of induced regulatory T cells (iTregs) and fibrocytes.
  • Neuroimmunology research linked Th17 cells, NK cells, TLR2 ligands, diet, and the microbiome to multiple sclerosis.
  • Vasculitis research suggested roles for monocytes, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and innate lymphoid cells in ANCA-associated manifestations.

Conclusions:

  • 2016 was a significant year for autoimmunity research, with major breakthroughs across diverse conditions.
  • Emerging research points to novel cellular players and molecular mechanisms in autoimmune diseases.
  • These advancements are poised to accelerate future developments in both laboratory science and clinical practice.