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Components and Indicators of Frailty Measures: A Literature Review
B Xie1, J L Larson, R Gonzalez
1Boqin Xie, PhD, Fudan University School of Nursing, 305 Rd. Feng-Lin, Shanghai, China, 200032. E-mail: xieboqin@fudan.edu.cn, Tel: 086-02164431685.
The Journal of Frailty & Aging
|May 31, 2017
Summary
Frailty assessment lacks consistency, with varying components and indicators across measures. Future research is needed to standardize frailty quantification for older adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Geriatric Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Frailty is a significant condition in older adults, increasing risks for adverse health outcomes.
- Quantifying frailty remains challenging due to inconsistent components and indicators.
- Lack of standardized measures hinders effective frailty assessment and intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe frailty components and examine existing frailty measures.
- To identify knowledge gaps in current frailty measurement tools.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases.
- Inclusion/exclusion criteria applied to 49 identified studies.
- Analysis of frailty components and indicators across physical, psychological, and social domains.
Main Results:
- 49 unique frailty measures were identified, each with distinct components and indicators.
- Mobility, nutrition, and cognitive function were the most frequently reported frailty components.
- Only 15 of 49 measures incorporated components from all three domains (physical, psychological, social).
Conclusions:
- Significant variability exists in frailty components and indicators across existing measures.
- Inconsistencies in frailty measures and models require further investigation.
- Standardization of frailty assessment tools is crucial for improved geriatric care.
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