Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex in an immunocompetent host

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Hepatology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (DMAC) is typically associated with immunocompromised individuals.
• Epidemiological studies indicate a rising incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections globally.
• Understanding the evolving epidemiology of DMAC is crucial for public health.

Observation:

• A case of DMAC infection presenting as hepatic granulomas is detailed.
• The patient was a 35-year-old immunocompetent female.
• The presentation occurred without traditional risk factors for DMAC.

Findings:

• The case demonstrates DMAC infection in an immunocompetent host.
• Hepatic granulomas were the primary manifestation of the infection.
• This finding challenges the conventional understanding of DMAC pathogenesis.

Implications:

• This case expands the clinical spectrum of DMAC infections.
• It suggests DMAC should be considered in immunocompetent individuals with unexplained hepatic granulomas.
• Further research is needed to identify novel risk factors and transmission routes for DMAC.