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Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors
Published on: February 16, 2024
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Gastrin and Gastric Cancer
Jill P Smith1, Sandeep Nadella1, Nick Osborne2
1Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.
Summary
Gastrin, a peptide hormone, fuels gastric cancer growth. Targeting the gastrin:cholecystokinin-B (CCK-B) pathway offers new therapeutic strategies for unresectable gastric adenocarcinoma.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Gastric cancer is a leading cause of mortality globally, with persistent treatment challenges.
- Gastrin, a peptide hormone, supports normal gastrointestinal epithelium and stimulates the growth of various gastrointestinal cancers, including gastric adenocarcinoma.
- Gastrin's role in gastric cancer development and progression is increasingly recognized, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of gastrin and its signaling pathway in gastric cancer.
- To explore the potential of targeting the gastrin:cholecystokinin-B (CCK-B) pathway for gastric cancer treatment.
- To discuss current and emerging therapeutic strategies for unresectable gastric cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on the gastrin:CCK-B signaling pathway in gastric cancer.
- Analysis of gastrin synthesis, expression, and action in normal and cancerous gastric tissues.
- Examination of experimental models and clinical data related to gastrin and gastric cancer.
Main Results:
- Gastrin is synthesized in the stomach and expressed in gastric adenocarcinomas.
- The gastrin:CCK-B signaling pathway mediates gastrin's effects on gastric cells.
- Elevated gastrin levels are associated with conditions like atrophic gastritis and proton pump inhibitor use, and experimental models link hypergastrinemia and H. pylori infection to increased gastric cancer risk.
Conclusions:
- The gastrin:CCK-B pathway is a critical factor in gastric adenocarcinoma development and progression.
- Targeting the CCK-B receptor with antagonists or the gastrin peptide with immune-based therapies are promising strategies for gastric cancer management.
- Blocking gastrin's effects presents a viable therapeutic approach for patients with unresectable gastric cancer.
Keywords:
CCK-B ReceptorCCK-BR, cholecystokinin-B receptorECL, enterochromaffin-likeEGFR, epidermal growth factor receptorERK, extracellular signal–regulated kinaseG17DTHER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2IHC, immunohistochemistryPAS, polyclonal antibody stimulatorPPI, proton pump inhibitorPPIsProton Pump InhibitorsTCGA, The Cancer Genome AtlasMore Related Videos
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