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The end-Triassic extinction may have been driven by intrusive magmatic activity and organic degassing, not just basaltic eruptions from the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). This suggests intrusive records are key to understanding mass extinctions.

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Area of Science:

  • Geoscience
  • Paleontology
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • The end-Triassic extinction, a major Phanerozoic event, is often linked to Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) basaltic flows.
  • Recent studies question this, noting CAMP basalts appear after the extinction and that climate/biotic changes preceded eruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the timing of CAMP magmatic activity relative to the end-Triassic extinction.
  • To explore the role of intrusive magmatic units and organic degassing in driving this mass extinction.

Main Methods:

  • High-precision Uranium-Lead (U-Pb) dating of CAMP mafic intrusive units.
  • Geochronological analysis of sills in Brazilian sedimentary basins.
  • Correlation of geochronological data with climatic and biotic records.

Main Results:

  • New U-Pb ages indicate CAMP magmatic activity commenced approximately 100,000 years before the earliest known CAMP eruptions.
  • Early magmatic activity correlates with the initial phases of climatic and biotic changes.
  • Sills intruded synchronously with the extinction in organic-rich basins suggest organic degassing contributed to climate change.

Conclusions:

  • The intrusive record of large igneous provinces may be more critical for understanding mass extinctions than the eruptive record.
  • Intrusive magmatism and associated degassing (including from organic-rich sediments) likely played a significant role in the end-Triassic extinction.