Comparative study of craniofacial morphology and bite force in Fijians and Japanese

An anthropological survey was conducted in Fiji in 1994 and 1995 to study dental arch form, craniofacial morphology, and bite force of Fijians. Measurements were obtained from dental casts, cephalograms, and thin pressure-sensitive sheets (Dental Prescale®) for bite force analysis. Results were compared with those of Japanese. In every direction, the size of the dental arch in Fijians was larger than in Japanese. Fijians displayed longer palates, longer mandibles, and bimaxillary protrusion. There was no significant difference in upper and lower facial heights. FH to lower incisor angle in Fijians was significantly larger than in Japanese. Fijians were characterized by a small palatal plane angle, occlusal plane angle and mandibular plane angle, and were thus brachyfacial. The Japanese tended to be more dolichofacial. The distances from the Cd line to the pterygoid muscles, masseter muscles, and teeth in Fijians were significantly longer than in Japanese. Occlusal contact areas of Fijians were also greater than those of Japanese. The results indicate that the masticatory muscles and craniofacial morphologies supporting them would be better integrated in Fijians than in Japanese. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 10:63-72, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.