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CAN GENE FLOW PREVENT REINFORCEMENT?

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  • 1Department of Genetics and Biometry, University College London, 4 Stephenson Way, London, NW1 2HE, U.K.

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Reinforcement evolution in hybrid zones is hindered by gene flow. Stronger selection against hybrids can still facilitate reinforcement, despite gene flow

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics
  • Speciation

Background:

  • Hybrid zones are areas where genetically distinct populations interbreed.
  • Reinforcement is a process that strengthens reproductive isolation between diverging populations.
  • Gene flow can counteract the evolution of reproductive isolation in hybrid zones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the evolution of reinforcement in a hybrid zone.
  • To investigate the conditions under which reinforcement can overcome gene flow.
  • To analyze the effect of modifiers that reduce postmating isolation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a mathematical model for reinforcement in hybrid zones.
  • Analysis of selection pressures acting on a reinforcing allele.
  • Inclusion of gene flow and selection against hybrids in the model.

Main Results:

  • Gene flow significantly impedes reinforcement evolution in hybrid zones.
  • Reinforcement is possible only when selection against hybrids is strong (β < sγ²/4).
  • Modifiers reducing postmating isolation share similar conditions for increase as reinforcing alleles.

Conclusions:

  • Stronger selection against hybrids increases the likelihood of reinforcement, despite gene flow.
  • Both reinforcement and modification of selection widen the hybrid zone cline.
  • Reinforcement enhances premating isolation, while selection modification reduces postmating isolation.