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Aging With Disability for Midlife and Older Adults.

Lois M Verbrugge1, Kenzie Latham2, Philippa J Clarke1

  • 11 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

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Persistent disability is more common in older adults (65+) than middle-aged adults (51+), affecting physical limitations more than daily living activities. Individuals with persistent disability face significant social and health disadvantages.

Keywords:
activities of daily livingaging with disabilitydisabilitydisability trajectoryphysical limitations

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Disability Studies
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The study of aging with disability has historically focused on younger populations.
  • Understanding persistent disability in middle and older adulthood is crucial for public health initiatives.
  • Disability trajectories and their impact on aging require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the prevalence and characteristics of persistent disability among U.S. adults aged 51 and older.
  • To compare disability experiences across different age groups (51+ vs. 65+) and types of limitations.
  • To integrate research on aging with disability and disability trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Health and Retirement Study for U.S. adults aged 51 and older.
  • Employed two complementary approaches to identify persistent disability: direct data observation and latent class analysis.
  • Examined physical limitations, household management, personal care, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and activities of daily living (ADLs).

Main Results:

  • Persistent disability is more prevalent in adults aged 65 and older compared to those aged 51 and older.
  • Physical limitations were found to be more common than difficulties with IADLs and ADLs.
  • Individuals with persistent disability reported greater social and health disadvantages.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent disability significantly impacts the aging experience for middle-aged and older adults.
  • Findings support a broader, age-inclusive perspective on aging with disability.
  • The study highlights the need for targeted support and interventions for aging individuals with disabilities.