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Interoception and Autonomic Correlates during Social Interactions. Implications for Anorexia.

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Restrictive anorexia patients show impaired autonomic responses and altered interoception, impacting social behavior and self-perception. This autonomic imbalance and its relationship with interoception play a key role in anorexia disturbances.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The bodily-self is crucial in understanding restrictive anorexia.
  • Autonomic strategies in social behavior and interoception are key aspects of the bodily-self.
  • Previous research suggests interoception influences autonomic regulation of social behavior in healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the bodily-self in restrictive anorexia, focusing on autonomic strategies and interoception.
  • To explore the link between interoception and autonomic regulation of social behavior in anorexia patients.
  • To compare anorexia patients (ANg) with healthy controls (HCg) on physiological and behavioral measures.

Main Methods:

  • Compared ANg and HCg on Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) during resting and social proxemics tasks.
  • Assessed explicit judgments of comfort in social distances during a behavioral proxemics task.
  • Measured Interoceptive Accuracy (IA) in both groups.

Main Results:

  • ANg exhibited lower social disposition and flattened autonomic reactivity during social tasks.
  • Autonomic arousal in ANg did not influence judgments of social distances, unlike in HCg.
  • IA was related to social disposition in both groups, but with opposite trends in ANg.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomic imbalance is implicated in anorexia disturbances.
  • Altered interoception and its relationship with autonomic function are crucial in anorexia.
  • Findings highlight the role of the bodily-self in restrictive anorexia.