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Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

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POLYMORPHISM REGENERATION FOR A NEUTRALIZED SELFISH B CHROMOSOME.

S Zurita¹, J Cabrero¹, M D López-León¹

¹Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution

|June 2, 2017

Summary

B chromosomes in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans regenerate after extinction. A new selfish B chromosome variant replaced a neutralized one, demonstrating polymorphism regeneration in a natural population.

Keywords:

B chromosomes Eyprepocnemis plorans parasitic selfish

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary genetics
Population genetics
Genomics

Background:

B chromosomes are selfish genetic elements driving their own propagation.
Genome defense mechanisms, like suppression of B drive, counteract B chromosome proliferation.
Neutralized B chromosomes typically face extinction without new drive variants.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide the first empirical evidence of B chromosome polymorphism regeneration.
To investigate the substitution of a neutralized B chromosome variant by a new selfish variant.
To study B chromosome evolution in the natural population of Eyprepocnemis plorans.

Main Methods:

Field population sampling of Eyprepocnemis plorans.
Genetic analysis to identify B chromosome variants.
Tracking B chromosome frequency and dynamics over time.

Main Results:

Observed the substitution of a previously neutralized B chromosome variant by a new, drive-capable variant.
Documented the regeneration of B chromosome polymorphism in a natural population.
Confirmed the ongoing evolutionary arms race between B chromosomes and the standard genome.

Conclusions:

B chromosome evolution can involve the emergence and replacement of drive variants, regenerating polymorphism.
This study provides empirical support for theoretical models of selfish genetic element evolution.
The findings highlight the dynamic nature of genome-host interactions and B chromosome evolution.