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Genetic Variation01:25

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Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
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Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
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EVOLUTION OF PHENOTYPIC VARIANCE.

J J Bull1

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|June 2, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary theory explains phenotypic variance as genetic and environmental. This study shows selection can favor environmental variance, as seen in seed germination time, which has low heritability.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Quantitative genetics

Background:

  • Phenotypic variance is key to evolutionary theory, partitioned into genetic and environmental components.
  • Natural selection's rate depends on genetic variance magnitudes.
  • Selection can maintain phenotypic variation based on its components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how selection influences the maintenance of genetic versus environmental variance.
  • To test models of variance partitioning using seed dormancy as a case study.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of selection on phenotypic variance components.
  • Empirical analysis of seed germination time heritability.

Main Results:

  • Selection can favor the maintenance of environmental variance over genetic variance.
  • Seed germination time variation appears to be predominantly environmental, with low heritability observed in studies.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental and genetic factors can compete to produce selected phenotypic variance.
  • The findings support models where selection favors environmental variance, exemplified by seed germination traits.