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Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach
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COEVOLUTION IN BACTERIAL-PLASMID POPULATIONS.

Rajiv I Modi1, Julian Adams1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|June 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial strains with plasmids evolved increased reproductive fitness over 800 generations. Genetic changes in both bacteria and plasmids coevolved, minimizing plasmid harm and reducing its copy number.

Keywords:
CoevolutionE. colicontinuous cultureplasmid

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial evolution
  • Bacterial genetics
  • Plasmid biology

Background:

  • Plasmids can impose a fitness cost on their host bacteria.
  • Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of plasmid-host interactions is crucial.
  • Chemostat culture provides a controlled environment for studying long-term evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate evolutionary changes in plasmid-containing bacterial strains.
  • To identify genetic adaptations that increase reproductive fitness.
  • To explore the coevolutionary interactions between bacterial and plasmid genomes.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing plasmid-containing bacterial strains in glucose-limited chemostats for approximately 800 generations.
  • Assessing changes in reproductive fitness over evolutionary time.
  • Mapping genetic alterations on both bacterial and plasmid chromosomes.

Main Results:

  • Significant increase in reproductive fitness observed in evolved strains.
  • Genetic modifications occurred on both bacterial and plasmid DNA.
  • Interactions between bacterial and plasmid genetic changes minimized plasmid-associated fitness costs.
  • Reduced plasmid copy number and increased segregational loss rate correlated with decreased deleterious effects.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial and plasmid genomes coevolved to enhance host fitness.
  • Adaptations involved genetic changes on both chromosomes, mitigating plasmid burden.
  • Changes in plasmid maintenance mechanisms (copy number, loss rate) are key to successful plasmid-host adaptation.