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Related Concept Videos

Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

24.3K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

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In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
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FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT SELECTION IN DROSOPHILA: ESTIMATION OF NET FITNESS IN PSEUDOHAPLOID POPULATIONS.

James W Curtsinger1

  • 1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 318 Church St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|June 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Male fruit fly fitness varies with population genetics, demonstrating frequency-dependent selection. This study reveals complex evolutionary dynamics influenced by the strength of this selection, impacting population trajectories.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics
  • Quantitative Genetics

Background:

  • Larval viability in Drosophila melanogaster is influenced by the genotypes of co-developing larvae.
  • Evidence for frequency dependence of net fitness in Drosophila is limited.
  • Understanding frequency-dependent selection is crucial for predicting evolutionary dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency dependence of net fitness in male Drosophila melanogaster.
  • To analyze the relationship between the strength of frequency-dependent selection and population dynamics.
  • To assess the predictive power of selection strength criteria for evolutionary trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized attached-X females to isolate selection on male X-chromosomes, mimicking haploid dynamics.
  • Established 49 discrete-generation populations from 17 male lines of D. melanogaster.
  • Analyzed one-generation transitions and multigeneration trajectories to assess fitness variations and population dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Observed a general pattern of frequency dependence of net fitnesses across populations.
  • Identified frequency dependence in 12 populations, though multigeneration trajectories showed heterogeneity.
  • The strength of frequency-dependent selection, measured by |dw(p)/dp|, was a useful predictor of observed population oscillations.

Conclusions:

  • Net fitness in male D. melanogaster exhibits frequency dependence.
  • The strength of frequency-dependent selection influences the complexity of evolutionary dynamics, predicting oscillatory behavior.
  • The experimental design effectively isolates selection on X-chromosomes, providing insights into haploid-like population genetics.