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Platelets, diabetes and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Isabella Russo1, Claudia Penna1, Tiziana Musso2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy.

Cardiovascular Diabetology
|June 2, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes complicates ischemia/reperfusion injury and antiplatelet therapy. Novel insights reveal cardioprotective roles of antiplatelet drugs beyond aggregation, crucial for managing diabetic cardiovascular risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury involves complex, multifactorial mechanisms.
  • Interactions between platelet function, antiplatelet drugs, coronary disease, and I/R injury are intricate, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize antiplatelet therapy in T2DM.
  • To explore T2DM's influence on I/R injury.
  • To examine antiplatelet therapies' effects on myocardial damage via non-aggregating properties and consider miRNA signatures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on antiplatelet therapy, T2DM, and I/R injury.
  • Analysis of pleiotropic effects of antiplatelet drugs.
  • Consideration of miRNA-based signatures in T2DM cardiovascular complications.

Main Results:

  • T2DM significantly influences I/R injury pathogenesis.
  • Antiplatelet therapies exert cardioprotective effects through pleiotropic actions unrelated to anti-aggregation.
  • miRNA signatures are associated with T2DM and cardiovascular complications.

Conclusions:

  • Clarifying the influence of antiplatelet therapies and platelet differences (healthy vs. diabetic) in I/R injury is essential for improving patient outcomes.
  • Reducing cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients remains challenging.
  • Widely used anti-aggregant drugs demonstrate a cardioprotective role in I/R injury.

Keywords:
Antiplatelet therapyAspirinCardioprotectionType 2 diabetes

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