Atrial fibrillation, cognition and dementia: A review

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Neurology
• Geriatrics

Background:

• Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, especially in older adults.
• AF significantly increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, morbidity, and mortality.
• Emerging evidence links AF to neurological disorders like cognitive impairment and dementia, independent of stroke history.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the existing literature on the association between atrial fibrillation and cognitive status.
• To explore potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between AF and cognitive decline.
• To examine the impact of AF treatments on cognitive function.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of published studies.
• Analysis of research investigating AF's link to cognitive impairment and dementia.
• Evaluation of studies on the effects of AF treatment on cognitive outcomes.

Main Results:

• Most studies indicate a positive association between atrial fibrillation and impaired cognitive function.
• Evidence suggests AF may independently contribute to cognitive decline.
• No specific atrial fibrillation treatment has demonstrated efficacy in reducing cognitive decline or dementia incidence.

Conclusions:

• Atrial fibrillation is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia, beyond its known stroke risk.
• The mechanisms linking AF to cognitive dysfunction require further investigation.
• Current treatments for AF have not yet been proven to mitigate cognitive decline.