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Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava in Fetuses: An Autopsy Series
Deepa Ramakrishnan1, Shanthi Chidambarathanu1, Lata Murli1
1a Mediscan Systems , Chennai , India.
Fetal and Pediatric Pathology
|June 2, 2017
Summary
Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) in fetuses is linked to numerous congenital anomalies. Improving prenatal imaging techniques is crucial for early detection and management of these associated conditions.
Area of Science:
- Fetal Pathology
- Congenital Anomalies
- Cardiovascular Development
Background:
- Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly.
- Understanding its associated anomalies is critical for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review fetal autopsy reports of fetuses with PLSVC.
- To identify and characterize associated anomalies in fetuses with PLSVC.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of fetal autopsy reports from January 2011 to December 2015.
- Exclusion of fetuses <15 weeks gestation and those with autolyzed/damaged hearts.
- Comparison of fetuses with PLSVC to a control group.
Main Results:
- Prenatal ultrasound detected PLSVC in 13.06% of cases.
- All fetuses with PLSVC had associated anomalies, with 96% having extra-cardiac defects and 67% intrinsic cardiac defects.
- Significantly higher rates of cardiovascular, respiratory, genitourinary, musculoskeletal anomalies, hypoplastic thymus, and single umbilical artery were observed in the PLSVC group.
Conclusions:
- PLSVC is strongly associated with a wide spectrum of fetal anomalies.
- Enhanced prenatal imaging, particularly the three-vessel view, is vital for detecting PLSVC and its associated conditions.
- Early identification can guide further management and counseling.
Keywords:
Persistent left superior venacavacardiac anomalydilated coronary sinusextra cardiac anomalyfetal autopsyprenatal diagnosisMore Related Videos
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