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Randomized, Crossover Study of Immersive Virtual Reality to Decrease Opioid Use During Painful Wound Care Procedures

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Immersive virtual reality (IVR) distraction therapy significantly reduced opioid use during painful wound care. This innovative pain management approach offers a 39% reduction in medication, proving effective for adult patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Virtual Reality Applications
  • Medical Interventions

Background:

  • Painful wound care procedures often necessitate significant opioid analgesia.
  • Current pain management strategies may have limitations in efficacy and side effects.
  • Exploring non-pharmacological adjuncts for pain control is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of immersive virtual reality (IVR) distraction therapy in reducing opioid consumption during painful wound care in adult inpatients.
  • To assess the impact of IVR on patient-reported pain and anxiety levels.
  • To determine patient preference for IVR in future wound care procedures.

Main Methods:

  • A within-subject randomized controlled trial design compared two sequential wound care procedures: one with IVR distraction and one without.
  • Opioid medication administration (fentanyl) before and during procedures was quantified.
  • Pain and anxiety scores were measured pre- and post-procedure.
  • Data were analyzed using Student's t-test and chi-square analysis (P < 0.05 significance).

Main Results:

  • Total opioid administration during wound procedures was significantly lower with IVR (17.9 ± 6.0 mcg/kg fentanyl) compared to without IVR (29.2 ± 4.5 mcg/kg fentanyl; P = 0.02).
  • Fewer patients required rescue opioid doses with IVR (11%) versus without IVR (60%).
  • Pain and anxiety scores did not differ significantly between the IVR and non-IVR conditions (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Immersive virtual reality (IVR) distraction therapy is an effective adjunct for reducing opioid requirements during painful adult wound care.
  • IVR provides significant opioid-sparing effects without compromising pain or anxiety control.
  • A high percentage of patients (75%) expressed a desire to use IVR for future wound care, indicating patient acceptance and preference.