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Published on: October 4, 2024
Premenstrual disorders
Kimberly Ann Yonkers1, Michael K Simoni2
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Premenstrual disorders, including premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder, involve hormonal fluctuations and serotonin deficits. Effective treatments include SSRIs, specific contraceptives, and GnRH agonists for persistent cases.
Area of Science:
- Gynecology
- Psychiatry
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Premenstrual disorders encompass premenstrual syndrome (PMS), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and exacerbation of existing conditions.
- Potential causes include abnormal responses to menstrual cycle hormonal shifts and serotonin deficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diagnosis and management of premenstrual disorders.
- To highlight effective therapeutic strategies for PMS and PMDD.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on thorough medical history and daily symptom tracking over two menstrual cycles.
- Evaluation of various treatment modalities for premenstrual disorders.
Main Results:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and contraceptives with minimal or no hormone-free intervals are highly effective for PMS and PMDD.
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists offer an option for women unresponsive to other treatments.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of premenstrual disorders is crucial for effective management.
- SSRIs, specific contraceptives, and GnRH agonists represent key treatment options for premenstrual disorders.
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