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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior01:28

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Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
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Introducing Social Perception01:29

Introducing Social Perception

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Perceiving others accurately is fundamental to effective communication and relationship-building. Social perception, a key concept in social psychology, refers to the cognitive processes through which individuals gather and interpret information about others to understand their actions, intentions, and motivations. This process extends beyond spoken words and overt behaviors, incorporating subtle nonverbal cues and contextual factors.Nonverbal Cues and Their SignificanceNonverbal cues play a...
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Subliminal Perception01:15

Subliminal Perception

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Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
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Perception01:28

Perception

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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
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Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

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Corrigendum: What the Heck Is Salience? How Predictive Language Processing Contributes to Sociolinguistic Perception.

T Florian Jaeger1,2,3, Kodi Weatherholtz1

  • 1Human Language Processing Lab, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of RochesterRochester, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology
|June 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study corrects a previous publication. The correction pertains to specific details on page 1115 of volume 7.

Keywords:
accentdialectexpectationidiolectlearningpredictionsaliencesurprisal

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Area of Science:

  • Scientific publishing
  • Article errata

Context:

  • Correction of a previously published article.
  • Specific details on page 1115, volume 7 are addressed.

Purpose:

  • To ensure accuracy in the scientific record.
  • To provide corrected information for readers.

Summary:

  • An official correction has been issued for an article.
  • Details on page 1115 of volume 7 are amended.

Impact:

  • Maintains scientific integrity.
  • Ensures reliable access to research information.