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Depressed polymorphonuclear cell functions in periparturient cows that develop postpartum reproductive diseases
Rafiqul Islam1,2, Harendra Kumar3, Gyanendra Singh4
1Immuno-Reproduction Laboratory, Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India. rafiqvet@gmail.com.
Veterinary Research Communications
|June 3, 2017
Summary
Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes in cows with postpartum reproductive diseases (PRD) show reduced function. This impaired PMN activity, including lower superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and myeloperoxidase production, is linked to conditions like retained placenta and metritis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Immunology
- Ruminant Health
- Reproductive Immunology
Background:
- Postpartum reproductive diseases (PRD) are common in dairy cows, impacting herd health and productivity.
- Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes play a crucial role in immune defense during the periparturient period.
- Dysfunctional PMN activity is suspected to contribute to the development of PRD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate changes in PMN function in cows diagnosed with postpartum reproductive diseases (PRD).
- To assess the production of superoxide (SO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in PMN leukocytes from cows with PRD.
- To determine the association between altered PMN function and specific PRD such as retained placenta (RP), clinical metritis (CM), clinical endometritis (CE), and delayed uterine involution (DIU).
Main Methods:
- Blood samples were collected from 41 pregnant cows at -15d, 0d, 15d, and 30d postpartum.
- Gynaecological examinations were performed to diagnose PRD (RP, CM, CE, DIU).
- PMN leukocytes were isolated, and their production of SO, H2O2, and MPO activity was measured.
Main Results:
- PMN superoxide production was significantly lower in cows with RP, CM, and CE compared to healthy cows, particularly at -15d and 30d postpartum.
- Hydrogen peroxide production was reduced in cows with PRD throughout the sampling period, with significant differences observed at 15d and 30d for cows with RP and CE.
- Myeloperoxidase activity was depressed in cows with RP and CM on day 0 postpartum compared to normal cows.
Conclusions:
- The impaired ability of PMN leukocytes to produce SO, H2O2, and MPO during the periparturient period is associated with the development of retained placenta, clinical metritis, and clinical endometritis in cows.
- These findings highlight a potential immune dysfunction contributing to postpartum reproductive complications in cattle.
- Targeting PMN function could offer novel therapeutic strategies for preventing and managing PRD in dairy cows.
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