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Identifying long-term survivors among metastatic breast cancer patients undergoing primary tumor surgery
Tae-Kyung Yoo1,2, Byung Joo Chae3,4, Sei Joong Kim5
1Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
Purpose:
The prognostic role of primary tumor surgery in women with metastatic breast cancer at diagnosis is contentious. A subset of patients who will benefit from aggressive local treatment is needed to be identified. Using a nationwide database, we developed and validated a predictive model to identify long-term survivors among patients who had undergone primary tumor surgery.
Methods:
A total of 150,043 patients were enrolled in the Korean Breast Cancer Registry between January 1990 and December 2014. Of these, 2332 (1.6%) presented with distant metastasis at diagnosis. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we developed and validated a model that predicts survival in patients who undergo primary tumor surgery, based on the clinicopathological features of the primary tumor.
Results:
A total of 2232 metastatic breast cancer patients were reviewed. Of these, 1541 (69.0%) patients had undergone primary tumor surgery. The 3-year survival rate was 62.6% in this subgroup. Among these patients, advanced T-stage, high-grade tumor, lymphovascular invasion, negative estrogen receptor status, high Ki-67 expression, and abnormal CA 15-3 and alkaline phosphatase levels were associated with poor survival. A prediction model was developed based on these factors, which successfully identified patients with remarkable survival (score 0-3, 3-year survival rate 87.3%). The clinical significance of the model was also validated with an independent dataset.
Conclusions:
We have developed a predictive model to identify long-term survivors among women who undergo primary tumor surgery. This model will provide guidance to patients and physicians when considering surgery as a treatment modality for metastatic breast cancer.
