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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation01:10

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The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Multiple Mitochondrial Parameters in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Neural and Glial Derivatives
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Embryo development after mitochondrial supplementation from induced pluripotent stem cells.

Ruiqi Li1, Bingqiang Wen2, Haijing Zhao1

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
|June 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondrial supplementation (MS) using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) did not alter embryonic development rates or fetal/placental weights. Donor mitochondrial DNA was detected, but epigenetic patterns remained stable, indicating no immediate adverse effects.

Keywords:
DNA methylationEmbryonic developmentMitochondrial supplementationiPSCs

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Efficient Derivation of Human Cardiac Precursors and Cardiomyocytes from Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cells with Small Molecule Induction
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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Mitochondrial medicine
  • Stem cell research

Background:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to infertility and poor embryonic development.
  • Mitochondrial supplementation (MS) is a potential therapeutic strategy.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a source of healthy mitochondria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of MS using iPSC-derived mitochondria on early embryonic development.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of MS in a mouse model.
  • To evaluate donor mitochondrial DNA distribution and epigenetic modifications post-MS.

Main Methods:

  • Mouse zygotes were injected with either iPSC-derived mitochondria or a vehicle control.
  • Evaluated blastocyst formation, implantation rates, and embryonic/placental weights.
  • Analyzed donor mitochondrial DNA distribution and methylation patterns in key imprinted genes (H19, Snrpn).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in blastocyst formation, implantation, or fetal/placental weights were observed between MS and control groups.
  • Donor mitochondrial DNA was detected in fetal muscle and placental tissues of the MS group.
  • Methylation patterns of H19 and Snrpn differentially methylated regions remained unaffected by MS.

Conclusions:

  • iPSC-derived mitochondrial DNA integrates into developing embryos during MS.
  • MS using iPSCs as a donor appears safe in early embryonic development without adverse epigenetic effects.
  • Further research is needed to determine if MS can enhance embryonic development, particularly in aged populations.