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Blood Flow

Blood Flow

Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.

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Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation

Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation

Published on: September 18, 2012

Evaluating ocular blood flow.

Jyotsna Maram¹, Sowmya Srinivas¹, Srinivas R Sadda²

¹Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

|June 3, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Assessing ocular blood flow (BF) is crucial for detecting and managing eye diseases like glaucoma. This review highlights advanced techniques, including Doppler Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography, for evaluating BF.

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Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation

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Fluorescent Dye Labeling of Erythrocytes and Leukocytes for Studying the Flow Dynamics in Mouse Retinal Circulation

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Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: February 18, 2022

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Biomedical Engineering
Medical Imaging

Background:

Vascular impairment is a key factor in ocular diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal venous occlusive disease.
Accurate assessment of ocular blood flow (BF) is vital for early detection, diagnosis, and effective management of these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current invasive and noninvasive techniques for evaluating ocular blood flow.
To emphasize the capabilities and applications of Doppler Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography in ocular blood flow assessment.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on ocular blood flow measurement techniques.
Focus on Doppler Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography as advanced imaging modalities.

Main Results:

Various techniques exist for ocular BF assessment, each with distinct advantages and limitations.
Doppler OCT and OCT-angiography offer significant advancements in qualitative and quantitative analysis of ocular vasculature.

Conclusions:

Ocular blood flow assessment is critical for understanding and treating major eye diseases.
Doppler OCT and OCT-angiography represent promising technologies for improved ocular diagnostics and patient care.