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Invasive pneumococcal infection due to serotype 15A after the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation in Turkey

Ayşe Büyükcam1, Hüseyin Güdücüoğlu2, Kamuran Karaman3

  • 1a Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine , Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Infectious Diseases , Ankara , Turkey.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|June 3, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Invasive pneumococcal infections in children remain a concern. Two pediatric cases of non-vaccine serotype 15A invasive pneumococcal infection were reported in Turkey post-vaccine implementation, highlighting the need for ongoing serotype surveillance.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal infections (IPIs) pose a significant global public health challenge, particularly in pediatric populations.
  • Turkey integrated the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) into its National Immunization Programme in 2009 to combat IPIS.
  • Continued surveillance is crucial to understand the evolving landscape of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes.

Observation:

  • This study documents the first two pediatric cases of IPIS caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 15A in Turkey.
  • These cases occurred following the widespread implementation of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the country.
  • Serotype 15A is not covered by the currently utilized pneumococcal conjugate vaccine formulations.

Findings:

  • The emergence of invasive pneumococcal infection due to non-vaccine serotype 15A in vaccinated children indicates a potential shift in circulating serotypes.
  • This finding suggests that Streptococcus pneumoniae may be undergoing selective pressure, leading to the increased prevalence of non-vaccine serotypes.
  • The observed cases underscore the limitations of current PCVs in providing complete protection against all invasive pneumococcal serotypes.

Implications:

  • Local seroepidemiologic data are essential for monitoring the impact of vaccination programs and detecting shifts in pathogen populations.
  • Continuous surveillance for non-vaccine serotypes is critical for informing public health strategies and vaccine development.
  • Understanding serotype distribution is vital for adapting immunization programs to maintain high levels of protection against invasive pneumococcal disease.

Keywords:
childinvasive pneumococcal infectionserotype 15Aserotype replacement

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