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Ag nanoparticle-coated zirconia for antibacterial prosthesis
Risa Yamada1, Kosuke Nozaki2, Naohiro Horiuchi3
1Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 135-0044, Japan.
Summary
Silver nanoparticles coated on yttria-stabilized zirconia provide broad antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. This stable coating offers contact killing with minimal silver ion release, indicating potential for dental materials.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Bacterial adhesion to dental materials causes caries and periodontitis.
- Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess antimicrobial properties.
- Developing effective antimicrobial dental materials is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize AgNP-coated YSZ with broad antimicrobial activity using facile methods.
- To optimize AgNP loading on YSZ for maximum efficacy and minimal cytotoxicity.
- To evaluate the stability and antibacterial mechanism of AgNP-coated YSZ.
Main Methods:
- Immobilization of AgNPs onto YSZ surfaces.
- Antibacterial testing against oral pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) using ISO 22196:2007.
- Cell viability assays (ISO 10993-5) to determine cytotoxicity.
- Accelerated aging tests in artificial saliva to assess silver release.
Main Results:
- Optimized AgNP loading at 32 μg/cm² demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity with no cytotoxicity.
- Accelerated aging tests showed high stability, with only 1% silver leaching.
- The antibacterial effect is primarily due to contact killing, not released silver ions.
Conclusions:
- AgNP-coated YSZ is a stable and effective antimicrobial material for dental applications.
- The facile coating method ensures retention of AgNPs, providing sustained antibacterial action.
- This material shows promise for preventing dental caries and periodontitis.
