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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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Forefoot Adduction Is a Risk Factor for Jones Fracture.

Adam E Fleischer1, Rebecca Stack2, Erin E Klein3

  • 1Director of Research, Weil Foot and Ankle Institute, Des Plaines, IL; Associate Professor, Dr. William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL.

The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery : Official Publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
|June 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Forefoot alignment, specifically metatarsus adductus, significantly increases the risk of Jones fractures. An adducted forefoot posture is a key risk factor for this common foot injury.

Keywords:
Jones fracturecase-controlfifth metatarsal fractureforefoot varushindfoot alignmentmetatarsus adductusrisk factor

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Podiatry
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Jones fractures are common foot injuries with unclear causes.
  • Understanding risk factors is crucial for prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between forefoot and hindfoot alignment and the risk of Jones fractures.
  • To identify specific radiographic indicators of risk.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, matched, case-control study design.
  • Analysis of weightbearing foot radiographs from 50 Jones fracture cases and 200 controls.
  • Assessment of 13 angular foot relationships using conditional multivariable logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Metatarsus adductus and fourth/fifth intermetatarsal angle were significant risk factors.
  • Metatarsus adductus (>15°) was associated with a 2.4 times greater risk of Jones fracture.
  • Hindfoot alignment was not a significant factor in this study population.

Conclusions:

  • An adducted forefoot posture increases the risk of developing a Jones fracture.
  • Radiographic assessment of forefoot alignment can help identify individuals at higher risk.