Urinary tract infection after voiding cystourethrogram

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Urology
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Infectious Disease

Background:

• Post-procedural urinary tract infection (ppUTI) rates after voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) vary widely.
• Determining the precise risk and predictors of ppUTI after cystograms is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To ascertain the incidence of symptomatic ppUTI following cystogram procedures.
• To identify risk factors associated with ppUTI in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective cohort study involving children undergoing VCUG or radionuclide cystogram.
• Exclusion of patients with neurogenic bladder or incomplete follow-up.
• Symptomatic ppUTI within 7 days post-procedure was the primary outcome measure.

Main Results:

• A total of 1203 cystograms were analyzed in 1108 children.
• The overall incidence of ppUTI was low at 1.0% (12 cases).
• Pre-existing urologic diagnosis (e.g., VUR, hydronephrosis) and abnormal cystogram findings were significant predictors of ppUTI.

Conclusions:

• The risk of ppUTI after cystogram is minimal, with a 1.0% incidence in this cohort.
• Children with pre-existing urologic conditions, particularly moderate to high-grade VUR, face the highest risk.
• Peri-procedural antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended solely for ppUTI prevention in these procedures.