Simulation study of Hemodynamic in Bifurcations for Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation using Electrical Analogy
Y Kiran Kumar1, S B Mehta2, M Ramachandra2
1Philips Research, Research Scholar, Manipal University, India.
Insights
This study introduces a novel lumped model to non-invasively measure cerebral arteriovenous malformation (CAVM) hemodynamics. The model accurately predicts blood flow and pressure in complex bifurcations, aiding clinical assessment.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Computational Fluid Dynamics
- Medical Imaging Analysis
Background:
- Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (CAVMs) present complex vascular geometries.
- Accurate hemodynamic measurement in CAVMs is challenging due to intricate vessel structures and bifurcations.
- Existing methods often require invasive catheterization, posing risks and limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a non-invasive lumped model for analyzing hemodynamics in CAVM bifurcations.
- To address the clinical need for accurate flow and pressure measurements in complex cerebral vasculature.
- To provide a tool applicable to various bifurcation types and angles in CAVM patients.
Main Methods:
- A lumped parameter model simulating RLC electrical networks was developed using MATLAB.
- Adaptive segmentation was employed for pre-processing bifurcation vessel geometry.
- The model was validated against simulated and actual patient data, analyzing 60 vessel bifurcation angles.
Main Results:
- The lumped model demonstrated highly significant correlations with a simulated mechanical model (p < 0.0001).
- The model accurately predicted hemodynamic parameters across diverse bifurcation angles and network types.
- Validation included 23 patients, encompassing both actual and simulated hemodynamic cases.
Conclusions:
- The developed lumped parameter model enables non-invasive hemodynamic assessment at various CAVM bifurcations.
- The model provides automatic display of pressure and flow, aiding clinicians in complex vascular analysis.
- This approach extends to different organs and imaging modalities, offering a versatile clinical tool.
Background And Objective:
Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (CAVM) hemodynamic is disease condition, results changes in the flow and pressure level in cerebral blood vessels. Measuring flow and pressure without catheter intervention along the vessel is big challenge due to vessel bifurcations/complex bifurcations in Arteriovenous Malformation patients. The vessel geometry in CAVM patients are complex, composed of varying diameters, lengths, and bifurcations of various angles. The variations in the vessel diameter and bifurcation angle complicate the measurement and analysis of blood flow features invasively or non-invasively.
Methods:
In this paper, we proposed a lumped model for the bifurcation for symmetrical and asymmetrical networks in CAVM patients. The models are created using MATLAB Simulation software for various bifurcation angles. Each bifurcation angle created using electrical network- RLC. The segmentation and pre-processing of bifurcation vessels are implemented using adaptive segmentation. The proposed network address clinicians problem by measuring hemodynamic non-invasively. The method is applicable for any types of bifurcation networks with different bifurcation angles in CAVM patients.
Results:
In this work, we constructed a mathematical model, measured hemodynamic for 23 patients (actual and simulated cases) with 60 vessel bifurcation angles variations. The results indicate that comparisons evidenced highly significant correlations between values computed by the lumped model and simulated mechanical model for both networks with p < 0.0001. A P value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Conclusion:
In this paper, we have modelled different bifurcation types and automatically display pressure and flow non-invasively at different node and at different angles of bifurcation in the complex vessel with help of bifurcation parameters, using lumped parameter model. We have simulated for different bifurcation angles and diameters of vessel for various imaging modality and model extend for different organs. This will help clinicians to measure haemodynamic parameters noninvasively at various bifurcations, where even catheter cannot be reached.
