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Related Concept Videos

Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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Equipments Used To Measure Blood Pressure01:30

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Direct Method
This invasive approach involves cannulating a peripheral artery. During each cardiac contraction, pressure generates mechanical motion within the catheter, transmitted through rigid, fluid-filled tubing to a transducer. This transducer converts mechanical motion into electrical signals displayed as waveforms on a monitor. An automatic flushing system prevents blood backflow. Due to the potential risk of unexpected arterial blood loss, this method is primarily used in intensive...
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Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound01:19

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To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:
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Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

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Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
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Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

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Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
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Pulse01:16

Pulse

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When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge
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A System for Continuous Estimating and Monitoring Cardiac Output via Arterial Waveform Analysis.

A Vakily1, H Parsaei1, M M Movahhedi1

  • 1Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Journal of Biomedical Physics & Engineering
|June 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new semi-invasive system accurately estimates cardiac output (CO) using arterial pulse waves, offering continuous monitoring for critically ill patients. This method provides valuable hemodynamic data with an average error of 6.5%.

Keywords:
Cardiac Output EstimationStroke VolumeArterial Pulse Waveform

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Medical device development

Background:

  • Cardiac output (CO) is vital for assessing cardiac function, oxygen delivery, and hypertension.
  • Current CO measurement methods are often invasive, costly, or require specialized expertise.
  • There is a need for accurate, accessible, and continuous CO monitoring solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop a semi-invasive system for continuous CO measurement.
  • To utilize arterial pulse wave analysis for CO estimation.
  • To provide a user-friendly system for hemodynamic monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a semi-invasive system for CO measurement.
  • Analysis and processing of arterial pulse waves.
  • Quantitative evaluation using 7 signals.

Main Results:

  • The developed system achieved an acceptable average error of 6.5% in CO estimation.
  • The system demonstrated consistent CO estimation capabilities.
  • Generated continuous curves for CO, blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, average), heart rate, and stroke volume.

Conclusions:

  • The developed system accurately estimates cardiac output.
  • The generated hemodynamic parameter curves are valuable for monitoring high-risk surgical and critically ill patients.
  • The system shows potential as a suitable tool for intensive care unit (ICU) hemodynamic monitoring.