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INBREEDING DEPRESSION DOESN'T MATTER: THE GENETIC BASIS OF MATING-SYSTEM EVOLUTION.

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Models of mating-system evolution must account for genotype-fitness associations. Inbreeding depression alone is insufficient; genetic linkage influences self-fertilization evolution in plants, impacting fitness outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Plant Sciences

Background:

  • Mating-system evolution models often assume inbreeding depression is independent of mating-system loci genotypes.
  • Inbred populations develop associations between genotypes at different loci.
  • Heterozygosity at mating-type loci increases heterozygosity at fitness loci compared to random individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of genotype-fitness associations in mating-system evolution.
  • To evaluate the adequacy of inbreeding depression as a sole descriptor of fitness in selfing populations.
  • To model the evolution of self-fertilization in plants considering genetic linkage.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a modifier model for the evolution of self-fertilization in plants.
  • Analyzed the impact of genetic associations between mating-type and fitness loci.
  • Simulated scenarios with varying levels of inbreeding depression and genetic architectures.

Main Results:

  • Inbreeding depression is not an adequate descriptor of relative fitness for inbred versus outbred progeny.
  • Intermediate self-fertilization rates can be favored when inbreeding depression results from overdominant loci (even <30%).
  • Mutants promoting outcrossing can invade selfing populations with low inbreeding depression (as low as 1%) if it stems from overdominance.
  • Selfing can evolve in random-mating populations if inbreeding depression results from recessive lethals (even >70%).

Conclusions:

  • Genetic associations between mating-type and fitness loci are crucial for understanding mating-system evolution.
  • Inbreeding depression's impact on fitness is context-dependent, influenced by the genetic basis of deleterious alleles.
  • Models must incorporate genetic linkage to accurately predict the evolution of selfing and outcrossing rates.