Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...

Paramagnetism

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...

Diamagnetism

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....

Magnetic Fields

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The impact of morphological structure and flexo-chemical strains on the electric transport mechanisms in molybdenum-disulfide-oxide nanoflakes.

Nanotechnology·2025

Same author

Polarization Switching on the Open Surfaces of the Wurtzite Ferroelectric Nitrides: Ferroelectric Subsystems and Electrochemical Reactivity.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025

Same author

Evolution of Ferroelectric Properties in Sm<sub></sub>Bi<sub>1-</sub>FeO<sub>3</sub> via Automated Piezoresponse Force Microscopy across combinatorial spread libraries.

ACS nano·2024

Same author

Coexistence and Interplay of Two Ferroelectric Mechanisms in Zn<sub>1-x</sub>Mg<sub>x</sub>O.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2024

Same author

Breaking symmetry creates polar auxeticity.

Nature materials·2023

Same author

Stress and Curvature Effects in Layered 2D Ferroelectric CuInP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub>.

ACS nano·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

Percolation Magnetism in Ferroelectric Nanoparticles.

Iryna S Golovina^1,2, Serhii V Lemishko³, Anna N Morozovska⁴

¹Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Nauky 41, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine.

Nanoscale Research Letters

|June 7, 2017

Summary

Ferroelectric nanoparticles of potassium tantalate and potassium niobate exhibit weak ferromagnetism due to surface magnetic polarons. This phenomenon, driven by oxygen vacancies and Fe3+ impurities, emerges from theoretical calculations.

Keywords:

Ferroelectric nanoparticles KNbO3 KTaO3 Modeling Percolation magnetism

More Related Videos

Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition

Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition

Published on: February 5, 2022

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Published on: July 14, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition

Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition

Published on: February 5, 2022

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Published on: July 14, 2021

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Solid State Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Potassium tantalate (KTaO3) and potassium niobate (KNbO3) are known ferroelectric materials.
Bulk forms of these materials are nonmagnetic.
Investigating nanoscale properties can reveal unique magnetic behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize KTaO3 and KNbO3 nanoparticles.
To investigate the magnetic properties of these nanoparticles.
To elucidate the microscopic mechanism behind the observed ferromagnetism in these ferroelectric nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of KTaO3 and KNbO3 nanoparticles via oxidation of metallic tantalum.
Characterization of magnetic properties using magnetization curves.
Theoretical calculations based on experimental data to model magnetic ordering.

Main Results:

Synthesized KTaO3 and KNbO3 nanoparticles exhibit weak ferromagnetism, contrasting with their bulk nonmagnetic nature.
A microscopic model based on percolation of magnetic polarons was developed.
The model highlights the role of oxygen vacancies and Fe3+ impurities in forming surface magnetic polarons and mediating exchange interactions.

Conclusions:

Ferroelectric nanoparticles of KTaO3 and KNbO3 can display emergent ferromagnetism.
Oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in the formation of magnetic polarons.
Percolation theory effectively describes the conditions for ferromagnetic ordering in these nanomaterials.