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Thyroid Disease and Type 1 Diabetes in Dutch Children: A Nationwide Study (Young Dudes-3)

Engelina Spaans1, Eelco Schroor2, Klaas Groenier3

  • 1Diabetes Centre, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands; Princess Amalia Children's Centre, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|June 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in The Netherlands face a significantly higher risk of thyroid disease. This study found T1DM increases thyroid disease likelihood by 24 times, with girls being more susceptible.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune condition.
  • Thyroid dysfunction is a common comorbidity in autoimmune diseases.
  • Understanding the prevalence of thyroid disease in children with T1DM is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of overt thyroid disease in Dutch children with and without T1DM.
  • To compare the risk of thyroid disease in children with T1DM versus those without.
  • To investigate potential sex differences in thyroid disease prevalence among children with T1DM.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide, retrospective cohort study was conducted in The Netherlands.
  • Data were collected from national healthcare reimbursement and pharmaceutical care registries.
  • The study included Dutch children aged 0-14 years diagnosed with T1DM, hypothyroidism, or hyperthyroidism between 2009-2011.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of thyroid disease was 3.43% in children with T1DM, compared to 0.15% in children without T1DM (rate ratio 23.59).
  • Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were 24 times more likely in children with T1DM.
  • Thyroid disease was more prevalent in girls than boys, particularly hypothyroidism, with a more pronounced sex difference in the T1DM group.

Conclusions:

  • Children with T1DM in The Netherlands exhibit a substantially higher risk of developing thyroid disease.
  • The findings highlight the importance of screening for thyroid dysfunction in pediatric T1DM patients.
  • Girls with T1DM, especially those with hypothyroidism, represent a particularly vulnerable subgroup.
Abstract

Keywords:
antithyroid antibodyhyperthyroidismhypothyroidismregistry healthcare reimbursementregistry pharmaceutical care

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