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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

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Chang'E-5T Orbit Determination Using Onboard GPS Observations.

Xing Su1, Tao Geng2, Wenwen Li3

  • 1GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China. suxing_gnss@whu.edu.cn.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) onboard the Chang'E-5T mission demonstrated feasibility for satellite orbit determination. Orbit consistency reached approximately 20 meters, with precision primarily influenced by the number of tracked satellites.

Keywords:
C/N0Chang’E-5Tdeep space navigationonboard GNSS receiverorbit determination

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Area of Science:

  • Space Science
  • Satellite Technology
  • Navigation Systems

Background:

  • Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is crucial for the Space Service Volume (3,000-36,000 km altitude).
  • The Chinese Chang'E-5T lunar mission served as an in-flight test for GNSS-based satellite orbit determination (OD).
  • An onboard high-sensitivity GNSS receiver with GPS and GLONASS capabilities was utilized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate the tracking performance and observation quality of the onboard GNSS receiver using 2-hour GPS data.
  • Assess the feasibility and performance of GNSS-based orbit determination for the Chang'E-5T mission.
  • Investigate the impact of carrier-to-noise density (C/N0) thresholds on OD precision.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of onboard GPS data for tracking performance and observation quality (C/N0, code errors).
  • Implementation of GPS-based orbit determination for Chang'E-5T.
  • Application of the Helmert variance component estimation method to weight code and carrier phase observations.
  • Screening of GPS data based on varying C/N0 thresholds to analyze OD precision.

Main Results:

  • The onboard receiver tracked an average of 7-8 GPS satellites per epoch.
  • Over 90% of observables had C/N0 values above 28 dB-Hz.
  • C1 code errors were around 4.15 m, improving to <2 m with C/N0 > 36 dB-Hz.
  • Achieved orbit consistency of approximately 20 meters.
  • Orbit precision was found to be dominated by the number of observed satellites, not solely data quality.

Conclusions:

  • The onboard GNSS receiver demonstrated effective tracking and data quality for orbit determination.
  • While higher C/N0 thresholds improve data quality, they reduce the number of usable observations, negatively impacting orbit solution precision.
  • The number of tracked satellites is the primary factor for achieving precise orbit determination in this context.