Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment on Lipids in Obese Children
Zarlasht Amini1, Suresh Kotagal2, Christine Lohse3
1Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada. zamini@cheo.on.ca.
Insights
Treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in obese children improves lipid levels, reducing their cardiovascular risk. Routine OSA screening is recommended for early intervention and better health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Obesity in children is linked to dyslipidemia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
- Cardiometabolic risks, including dyslipidemia, are associated with OSA in adults, but pediatric data is limited.
- Understanding OSA treatment effects on lipids in obese children is crucial for cardiovascular risk management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment on lipid profiles in obese children.
- To assess changes in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol following OSA treatment.
Main Methods:
- Study included 24 obese children diagnosed with OSA.
- Treatment modalities included continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for 17 children and adenotonsillectomy for 5.
- Baseline characteristics included a mean apnea-hypopnea index of 13.0 ± 12.1 and mean BMI of 38.0 ± 10.6 kg/m².
Main Results:
- Treatment of OSA was associated with a significant reduction in total cholesterol (mean change = -11 mg/dL, p < 0.001).
- Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also showed a significant decrease (mean change = -8.8 mg/dL, p = 0.021).
Conclusions:
- Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in obese children positively impacts lipid profiles.
- Routine screening for OSA in obese children is warranted to mitigate cardiovascular risk.
- Effective OSA management can lead to improved lipid levels and reduced cardiometabolic risk in pediatric populations.
Abstract:
Obesity in children is associated with several co-morbidities including dyslipidemia. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is commonly seen in obese children. In adults, diagnosis of OSA independent of obesity is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors including dyslipidemia. There is limited data on the impact of treatment of OSA on lipids in children. The objective of the study was to examine the impact of treatment of OSA on lipids in 24 obese children. Methods: Seventeen children were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and five underwent adenotonsillectomy. Mean apnea hypopnea index prior to treatment was 13.0 + 12.1 and mean body mass index (BMI) was 38.0 + 10.6 kg/m². Results: Treatment of OSA was associated with improvement in total cholesterol (mean change = -11 mg/dL, p < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean change = -8.8 mg/dL, p = 0.021). Conclusion: Obese children should be routinely screened for OSA, as treatment of OSA favorably influences lipids and therefore decreases their cardiovascular risk.
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