Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

2.7K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.7K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

13.4K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
13.4K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

2.2K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.2K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

2.2K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
2.2K
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

5.3K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.3K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

10.3K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
10.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tailoring 3D propagation-invariant light via generalized non-annular angular spectrum distributions.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Beyond a waste product: lactate as a master metabolite dictating anti-tumor T-cell fate.

Cell death & disease·2026
Same author

Passive Smart Home Monitoring for Delirium-Relevant Anomaly Detection in People Living With Dementia: Proof-of-Concept Study.

JMIR formative research·2026
Same author

The interplay of sleep architecture and exercise in executive function of middle-aged and older adults.

Frontiers in neurology·2026
Same author

The diapause-like colorectal cancer cells induced by SMC4 attenuation are characterized by low proliferation and chemotherapy insensitivity.

Cell metabolism·2026
Same author

Identification of the nsLTP gene family from sugar beet and functional analysis of BvnsLTP10 in drought tolerance.

BMC plant biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
09:07

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

Published on: June 10, 2018

10.7K

PHLDA3 impedes somatic cell reprogramming by activating Akt-GSK3β pathway.

Mengran Qiao1, Mian Wu2, Ronghua Shi3

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, CAS Center for Excellence in Cell and Molecular Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.

Scientific Reports
|June 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

PHLDA3, a p53 target gene, blocks induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation by activating the Akt-GSK3β pathway. Oct4 also regulates PHLDA3, revealing its role in the somatic cell reprogramming network.

More Related Videos

Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death
09:18

Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death

Published on: December 27, 2016

9.2K
Phospho Flow Cytometry with Fluorescent Cell Barcoding for Single Cell Signaling Analysis and Biomarker Discovery
08:38

Phospho Flow Cytometry with Fluorescent Cell Barcoding for Single Cell Signaling Analysis and Biomarker Discovery

Published on: October 4, 2018

21.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
09:07

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

Published on: June 10, 2018

10.7K
Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death
09:18

Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death

Published on: December 27, 2016

9.2K
Phospho Flow Cytometry with Fluorescent Cell Barcoding for Single Cell Signaling Analysis and Biomarker Discovery
08:38

Phospho Flow Cytometry with Fluorescent Cell Barcoding for Single Cell Signaling Analysis and Biomarker Discovery

Published on: October 4, 2018

21.9K

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cancer research

Background:

  • Somatic cell reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is crucial for regenerative medicine.
  • The tumor suppressor p53 and its target genes are known regulators of this process.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing reprogramming efficiency is essential for clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PHLDA3, a p53 target gene, in induced pluripotent stem cell generation.
  • To elucidate the molecular pathway through which PHLDA3 affects reprogramming.
  • To identify novel regulatory factors within the somatic cell reprogramming network.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized molecular biology techniques to study PHLDA3 expression and function during reprogramming.
  • Investigated the interaction between PHLDA3, p53, Oct4, and the Akt-GSK3β pathway.
  • Assessed the impact of PHLDA3 modulation on the efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cell generation.

Main Results:

  • PHLDA3 was identified as a functional blocker of induced pluripotent stem cell generation.
  • PHLDA3 activates the Akt-GSK3β pathway, inhibiting reprogramming.
  • PHLDA3 is transcriptionally regulated by Oct4, a key pluripotency factor.

Conclusions:

  • PHLDA3 acts as a novel inhibitory factor in the somatic cell reprogramming process.
  • The findings highlight PHLDA3's role in the intricate regulatory network controlling pluripotency.
  • Targeting PHLDA3 may offer a strategy to enhance induced pluripotent stem cell generation for therapeutic purposes.