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Developing an expanded vector control toolbox for malaria elimination.

Gerry F Killeen1,2, Allison Tatarsky3, Abdoulaye Diabate4

  • 1Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, United Republic of Tanzania.

BMJ Global Health
|June 8, 2017
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) have reduced malaria burden, but new strategies are needed. Diverse, sustainable vector control methods, including housing improvements and emerging technologies, can enhance malaria elimination efforts in low and middle-income countries.

Area of Science:

  • Vector control
  • Malaria elimination
  • Public health interventions

Background:

  • Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are primary tools for malaria control in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).
  • These interventions face limitations including operational challenges, insecticide resistance, and mosquito behavioral avoidance.
  • Current strategies are insufficient for complete malaria elimination in many regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore emerging opportunities for developing and implementing diverse, effective, and sustainable malaria vector control strategies.
  • To advocate for policy changes to support the scale-up of novel vector control interventions.
  • To identify underutilized but effective methods from high-income countries for LMIC adaptation.

Main Methods:

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  • Review of current vector control limitations and emerging technological opportunities.
  • Analysis of successful mosquito control practices in high-income countries (e.g., housing, environmental management).
  • Proposal for programmatic development and evaluation of decentralized, locally managed vector control systems.

Main Results:

  • Substantive opportunities exist for new malaria vector control strategies.
  • Underutilized interventions like mosquito-proofed housing and environmental management can be adapted for LMICs.
  • Emerging and repurposed technologies offer novel ways to target mosquitoes at various life stages and behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • A broader, more effective suite of vector control interventions is needed for malaria elimination.
  • Policy realignment is crucial to mobilize political and financial support for these new strategies.
  • Decentralized, locally managed systems can facilitate the scale-up of proactive mosquito population abatement practices in LMICs.