Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 1, 2026
07:11
Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
3.5K
Anomalous Papillary Muscle Insertion Causing Dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction without Hypertrophic
Ravi Korabathina1, Katherine Chiu2, Hugh M van Gelder3
1Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Bayfront Health St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.
Case Reports in Cardiology
|June 8, 2017
Summary
An unusual heart defect, anomalous papillary muscle insertion, can cause significant blood flow problems. This rare congenital malformation leads to dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and severe mitral regurgitation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Cardiac Anatomy
Background:
- Anomalous papillary muscle insertion into the mitral valve is a rare congenital cardiac malformation.
- This condition is infrequently observed in individuals without hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Observation:
- A case is presented of isolated anomalous papillary muscle insertion directly into the mitral valve leaflet.
- The patient showed no overt signs of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Findings:
- The anomalous insertion resulted in two distinct hemodynamic sequelae.
- These included dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and severe mitral regurgitation.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare cause of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and mitral regurgitation.
- Understanding such isolated congenital anomalies is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of valvular heart disease.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
574
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
574
01:27Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction
766
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
766
01:22Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction
956
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
956
01:25Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification
702
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
702
01:29Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
658
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
658
01:30Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
673
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
673