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Leukemic transformation in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms: a population-based retrospective study

Rajesh Shrestha1, Smith Giri2, James O Armitage3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Future Oncology (London, England)
|June 8, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Myelofibrosis increases the risk of leukemic transformation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Survival after transformation is poor, especially for older patients, regardless of MPN subtype.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders.
  • Leukemic transformation is a serious complication of MPN, significantly impacting patient prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the epidemiology of leukemic transformation in patients diagnosed with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).
  • To identify risk factors and survival outcomes associated with leukemic transformation in MPN.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 13 database.
  • Identified 83 cases of leukemic transformation among 9335 patients with MPN.

Main Results:

  • The 5-year cumulative incidence of leukemic transformation was higher in males (2.17%) compared to females (1.09%).
  • Myelofibrosis showed a significantly higher incidence of transformation (2.19%) than essential thrombocythemia (0.37%) and polycythemia vera (0.72%).
  • Median survival after leukemic transformation was 2 months, with poorer outcomes in older individuals, irrespective of prior MPN subtype.

Conclusions:

  • Myelofibrosis presents a higher risk for leukemic transformation among MPN subtypes.
  • Overall survival following leukemic transformation is extremely poor and not influenced by the specific MPN subtype.
Keywords:
acute myeloid leukemiahematologic/leukemiamyeloproliferative neoplasmprognosisrisk factorssurvival

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