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Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: pathophysiology and current therapy.

Kiyotoshi Imai1

  • 1Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital.

[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|June 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) affects children and adults, with poorer outcomes in adults. Advances in understanding ALL pathogenesis and new treatments offer hope for improved outcomes.

Keywords:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemiaBerlin-Frankfurt-Münster frameworkPathogenesisWorld Health Organization classification

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) incidence peaks in young children and older adults.
  • Adult ALL prognosis remains poor despite advances.
  • Recent discoveries illuminate ALL pathogenesis and led to WHO classification revisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) pathogenesis.
  • To discuss current treatment strategies for ALL.
  • To highlight unmet needs and future directions in ALL management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ALL pathogenesis, classification, and treatment.
  • Analysis of current chemotherapy regimens (e.g., Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster, hyper-CVAD).
  • Exploration of novel therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • ALL pathogenesis is increasingly understood through genetic alterations.
  • WHO classification (2016) incorporates new entities.
  • Complex chemotherapy regimens are standard; older adults present treatment challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and reduced-intensity SCT show promise for ALL.
  • Addressing the treatment gap in older ALL patients is critical.
  • Continued research into ALL pathogenesis and novel treatments is essential.